Spiritual Warfare
Sunday, June 21, 2026
Salmo 51 - Parte 2 - Oración de purificación
Salmo 51 Parte 2. Un Salmo de David con comentarios de Dennis Edwards
Volver a la Parte 1
Salmo 51:8 Hazme oÃr gozo y alegrÃa; para que se regocijen los huesos que has quebrantado.
Cuando nos alejamos del Señor y cometemos pecado, la corrección de Dios se siente como si nos quebraran los huesos. Perdemos el gozo del Señor. Una nube oscura puede cernirse sobre nosotros. Pero es el gozo del Señor, nuestra fortaleza. En el Salmo 32, otro salmo de penitencia, encontramos la misma imagen.
Salmo 32:4 “Porque de dÃa y de noche pesaba sobre mà tu mano; mi verdor se volvió sequedad de verano.”
IsaÃas 59:2 “Pero vuestras iniquidades han hecho división entre vosotros y vuestro Dios, y vuestros pecados han hecho ocultar de vosotros su rostro para no escuchar.”
Son nuestras propias iniquidades las que nos separan de Dios. Pero cuando reconocemos nuestros pecados y nos apartamos de ellos, estamos en el camino a la victoria.
Oseas 6:1 “Venid y volvamos al Señor; porque él ha arrebatado, y nos sanará; ha herido, y nos vendará.”
Salmo 32:5 “Te declaré mi pecado, y no encubrà mi iniquidad. Dije: Confesaré mis transgresiones al Señor, y tú perdonaste la maldad de mi pecado.”
Reconocer, confesar y cambiar son el camino hacia el perdón y la renovada alegrÃa y felicidad.
Salmo 51:9-12 Esconde tu rostro de mis pecados, y borra todas mis iniquidades. Crea en mÃ, oh Dios, un corazón limpio, y renueva un espÃritu recto dentro de mÃ. No me eches de tu presencia, ni me quites tu santo EspÃritu. Devuélveme el gozo de tu salvación, y sostenme con tu espÃritu libre. Como leÃmos antes: “Si confesamos nuestros pecados (en verdad), él es fiel y justo para perdonar nuestros pecados y limpiarnos de toda maldad” (1 Juan 1:9).
El apóstol Pablo nos dice que nada puede separarnos del amor de Dios.
Romanos 8:38-39: “Por lo cual estoy seguro de que ni la muerte, ni la vida, ni ángeles, ni principados, ni potestades, ni lo presente, ni lo por venir, ni lo alto, ni lo profundo, ni ninguna otra cosa creada nos podrá separar del amor de Dios, que es en Cristo Jesús, Señor nuestro”.
Solo nuestra propia justicia propia nos separará de Dios si no nos humillamos ante Él y buscamos su misericordia y perdón. En Jonás, vemos la misma idea.
Jonás 2:8: “Los que siguen vanidades mentirosas abandonan su propia misericordia”. Si creemos las mentiras de Satanás, de que lo que hemos hecho está más allá del perdón de Dios, entonces renunciamos a la misericordia que Él ofrece a quienes acuden a Él con todo su corazón. El ladrón moribundo encontró perdón en la cruz con Cristo. Nunca es demasiado tarde. Nunca hemos pecado más allá del poder de Dios para perdonar.
Donde está el EspÃritu del Señor, hay libertad. Porque quien el Hijo ha liberado, es verdaderamente libre. El EspÃritu Santo de Dios nos libera de la condenación que el enemigo intenta imponernos. "No por obras de justicia que nosotros hubiéramos hecho, sino por su misericordia, nos salvó (y continúa salvándonos), por el lavamiento de la regeneración y la renovación en el EspÃritu Santo", Tito 3:5.
Necesitamos un lavamiento constante de regeneración y renovación en el EspÃritu Santo. El hombre exterior debe perecer, pero el hombre interior debe renovarse dÃa a dÃa (2 Corintios 4:16b). "Si alguno está en Cristo, nueva criatura es; las cosas viejas pasaron; He aquÃ, todas las cosas son hechas nuevas”, 2 Corintios 5:17.
Salmo 51:13 Entonces enseñaré a los transgresores tus caminos, y los pecadores se convertirán a ti.
El hecho de haber pecado mucho y haber encontrado perdón en los brazos de Jesús nos impulsa a querer compartir la verdad del Evangelio con otros. Los más grandes pecadores se convierten en los mayores testimonios de la bondad y la gracia de Dios.
Salmo 51:14 LÃbrame de homicidios, oh Dios, Dios de mi salvación; y mi lengua cantará tu justicia.
Habiendo encontrado perdón en Dios a través del amor de Jesús, por los pecados que se castigan con la muerte, cantamos en voz alta la bondad de Dios. David encontró perdón en los brazos de Dios de la culpa que sintió al matar a UrÃas. Pudo cantar y alabar a Dios a pesar de su gran caÃda en desgracia. Su gran caÃda le trajo un gran arrepentimiento y le ayudó. David será un rey más humilde y sabio. Por lo general, los caminos de Dios son buenos y malos, contrario a lo que pensamos.
Salmo 51:15 Oh Señor, abre mis labios, y mi boca publicará tu alabanza.
Dios habita en las alabanzas de su pueblo (Salmo 22:3). «Y cuando ellos (Jerusalén y Judá) comenzaron a cantar y a alabar», los enemigos de Dios fueron derrotados y el pueblo de Dios fue liberado (2 Crónicas 20:22). Entramos por sus puertas con acción de gracias y por sus atrios con alabanza (Salmo 100:4a). ¡La alabanza es la victoria! Hace que Dios se levante en nuestra defensa.
Hechos 16:25-26 «Y a medianoche, Pablo y Silas oraron y cantaron alabanzas a Dios; y los presos los oyeron». Y de repente se produjo un gran terremoto, de tal manera que los cimientos de la cárcel se sacudieron; y todas las puertas se abrieron, y las manos de todos se soltaron.
Salmo 51:16-17 Porque no deseas sacrificio; de lo contrario, yo lo darÃa; no te deleitas en holocaustos. Los sacrificios de Dios son un espÃritu quebrantado; un corazón contrito y humillado, oh Dios, no despreciarás.
Todos los sacrificios del Antiguo Testamento fueron un presagio de la muerte del MesÃas. Cuando Jesús estuvo en la tierra, tenÃa un corazón contrito y humillado. Se despojó a sà mismo y tomó forma de siervo. Se humilló y se hizo obediente hasta la muerte, y muerte de cruz (Filipenses 2:7-8).
IsaÃas 66:2b: «Pero a este hombre miraré, al pobre y contrito de espÃritu, que tiembla a mi palabra».
Salmo 34:18: «Cercano está el Señor a los quebrantados de corazón, y salva a los contritos de espÃritu».
Hebreos 13:15-16 “Por tanto, ofrezcamos continuamente a Dios, por medio de él, sacrificio de alabanza, es decir, fruto de labios que confiesan su nombre. Pero no os olvidéis de hacer el bien y de la comunión, porque de tales sacrificios se agrada Dios.”
Nuestra alabanza a Dios es considerada un sacrificio a sus ojos. Nuestras buenas obras y nuestra comunicación con los demás también son consideradas sacrificios agradables al Señor.
Salmo 51:18-19 Haz bien a Sión según tu benevolencia; edifica los muros de Jerusalén. Entonces te agradarán los sacrificios de justicia, el holocausto y el holocausto; entonces ofrecerán becerros sobre tu altar.
Si caminamos en alabanza y acción de gracias, Dios nos edificará. Los muros espirituales de nuestra vida se fortalecerán y renovarán al caminar humildemente ante nuestro Dios, en obediencia y sumisión a su voz. El apóstol Pablo nos dice que nuestra vida debe ser un “sacrificio vivo”, no siguiendo la cultura, sino siguiendo a Dios.
Romanos 12:1-2 “Asà que, hermanos, os ruego por la misericordia de Dios que presentéis vuestros cuerpos en sacrificio vivo, santo, agradable a Dios, que es vuestro culto racional. Y no os conforméis a este siglo, sino transformaos mediante la renovación de vuestro entendimiento, para que comprobéis cuál sea la buena, agradable y perfecta voluntad de Dios.”
Nuestras vidas deben ser un sacrificio vivo al servicio de Dios y del prójimo. Jesús dijo: “Porque el mayor entre vosotros debe ser el servidor de todos” (Mateo 23:11). “Si alguno quiere venir en pos de mÃ, niéguese a sà mismo, tome su cruz cada dÃa y sÃgame. Porque todo el que quiera salvar su vida, la perderá; y todo el que pierda su vida por causa de mÃ, la salvará” (Lucas 9:23-24).
Asà como Jesús se sacrificó por nosotros para ser la propiciación por nuestros pecados, nosotros también debemos hacer lo mismo y entregar nuestras vidas en humilde servicio a nuestro Señor y Rey, y a quienes nos rodean. Que nuestras vidas sean un sacrificio vivo para Dios nuestro Padre. Amén.
Aquà hay dos comentarios sobre el Salmo 51 de personajes famosos:
“AsÃ, David fue llevado del conocimiento de este único pecado al conocimiento de toda su naturaleza pecaminosa. Como si dijera: ‘Que alguien como yo, dotado de tanta gracia, haya caÃdo de golpe del cielo al infierno, es para mà y para todos los demás una señal palpable de que no hay nada bueno en la carne’”. MartÃn Lutero
“David no pecó asà cuando sufrÃa las persecuciones de Saúl. CuÃdense de la prosperidad, más peligrosa para el alma que la adversidad para el cuerpo… Estaba más cerca de Dios entonces, en sus tribulaciones, cuando a los hombres les parecÃa más miserable”. AgustÃn
Ambos se encuentran en Un comentario sobre el Libro de los Salmos de William de Burgh, 1801-1866.
Publicado originalmente el 14 de marzo de 2025. Republicado el 21 de febrero de 2026.
Psalm 51 - Part 2 - A Prayer of Cleansing
Psalm 51 Part 2. A Psalm
of David with comments by Dennis Edwards
To go back to Part 1
Psalm 51:8 Make me to hear joy and gladness; that the bones which You have broken
may rejoice.
When we have strayed from the
Lord and entered into sin, God’s correction feels like our bones are being broken.
We lose the joy of the Lord. A dark cloud may hang over us. But it is the joy
of the Lord, that is our strength. In Psalm 32, another penitent psalm,
we find the same imagery.
Psalm 32:4 “For day and night Your hand was heavy upon me: my moisture is
turned into the drought of summer.”
Isaiah 59:2 “But your iniquities have separated between you and your God, and
your sins have hidden His face from you, that He will not hear.”
It is our own iniquities that
separate us from God. But when we acknowledge our sins, and move from them, we
are on the path to victory.
Hosea 6:1 “Come, and let us return unto the Lord: for He has torn, and He
will heal us; He has smitten, and He will bind us up.”
Psalm 32:5 “I acknowledged my sin unto You, and my iniquity have I not hid.
I said, I will confess my transgressions unto the Lord; and You forgave the
iniquity of my sin.”
Acknowledging, confessing,
and changing are the pathway to forgiveness and renewed joy and happiness.
Psalm 51:9-12 Hide Your face from my sins, and blot out all my iniquities. Create
in me a clean heart, O God; and renew a right spirit within me. Cast me not
away from Your presence; and take not Your Holy Spirit from me. Restore unto me
the joy of Your salvation; and uphold me with Your free spirit.
As we read earlier, “If we
confess our sins (in truth), He is faithful and just to forgive us our sins,
and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness,” 1 John 1:9.
Apostle Paul tells us that
nothing can separate us from the love of God.
Romans 8:38-39 For I am persuaded, that neither death, nor life, nor angels, nor
principalities, nor powers, nor things present, nor things to come, nor height,
nor depth, nor any other creature, shall be able to separate us from the love
of God, which is in Christ Jesus our Lord.”
Only our own
self-righteousness will separate us from God, if we do not humble ourselves
before Him and seek His mercy and forgiveness. In Jonah, we see the same
idea.
Jonah 2:8 “They that observe lying vanities forsake their own mercy.”
If we believe the lies of
Satan, that what we have done is beyond the forgiveness of God, then we forsake
the mercy He offers to those who come to Him with all their heart. The dying
thief found forgiveness on the cross with Christ. It’s never too late. We have
never sinned beyond the power of God to forgive.
Where the Spirit of the Lord
is, there is liberty. For whom the Son has set free, is free indeed. God’s Holy
Spirit frees us from the condemnation the enemy tries to place upon us. “Not by
works of righteousness which we have done, but according to His mercy He saved
us, (and continues to save us), by the washing of regeneration, and renewing of
the Holy Ghost,” Titus 3:5.
We need a constant washing of
regeneration, and renewal of the Holy Ghost. The outer man must perish, but the
inward man must be renewed day by day, 2 Corinthians 4:16b. “If any man
be in Christ, he is a new creature: old things are passed away; behold, all
things are become new,” 2 Corinthians 5:17.
Psalm 51:13 Then will I teach transgressors Your ways; and sinners shall be
converted unto You.
The fact that we have sinned
greatly and have found forgiveness in the arms of Jesus, compels us to want to
share the truth of the Gospel with others. The greatest sinners become the
greatest testimonies to God’s goodness and grace.
Psalm 51:14 Deliver me from blood-guiltiness, O God, You, God of my
salvation: and my tongue shall sing aloud of Your righteousness.
Having found forgiveness in
God through the love of Jesus, for sins that are punishable by death, we sing
aloud of God’s goodness. David found forgiveness in God’s arms from the guilt
he felt on killing Uriah. He was able to sing and praise God in spite of his
great falling from grace. His great fall brought great repentance and helped
David to be a humbler and wiser king. Usually, God’s ways up are down, contrary
to what we think.
Psalm 51:15 O Lord, open my lips; and my mouth shall show forth Your praise.
God dwells in the praises of
His people, Psalm 22:3. “And when they (Jerusalem and Judah) began to
sing and to praise,” the enemies of God were smitten, and God’s people were
delivered, 2 Chronicles 20:22. We enter into His gates with
thanksgiving, and into His courts with praise, Psalm 100:4a. Praise is
the victory! It causes God to rise in our defence.
Acts 16:25-26 “And at midnight Paul and Silas prayed, and sang praises unto
God: and the prisoners heard them. And suddenly there was a great earthquake,
so that the foundations of the prison were shaken: and all the doors were
opened, and every one’s hands were loosed.”
Psalm 51:16-17 For You desire not sacrifice; else would I give it: You delight
not in burnt offering. The sacrifices of God are a broken spirit: a broken and
a contrite heart, O God, You will not despise.
All the Old Testament
sacrifices were a foreshadowing of the death of the Messiah. When Jesus was on
earth, He had a broken and contrite heart. He made Himself of no reputation,
and took upon Him the form of a servant. He humbled Himself, and became
obedient unto death, even the death of the cross, Philippines 2:7-8.
Isaiah 66:2b “But to this man will I look, even to him that is poor and of a
contrite spirit, and trembles at My word.”
Psalm 34:18 “The Lord is nigh unto them that are of a broken heart; and saves
such as be of a contrite spirit.”
Hebrews 13:15-16 “By Him therefore let us offer the sacrifice of praise to God
continually, that is, the fruit of our lips giving thanks to His name. But to
do good and to communicate forget not: for with such sacrifices God is well
pleased.”
Our praise to God is
considered a sacrifice in His eyes. Our doing good and communicating with
others are also seen as pleasing sacrifices to the Lord.
Psalm 51:18-19 Do good in Your good pleasure unto Zion: build the walls of
Jerusalem. Then shall You be pleased with the sacrifices of righteousness, with
burnt offering and whole burnt offering: then shall they offer bullocks upon Your
altar.
If we walk in praise and
thanksgiving, God will build us up. The spiritual walls of our lives will be
strengthened and renewed as we walk humbly before our God in obedience and
submission to His voice. Apostle Paul tells us our lives should be a “living sacrifice,”
not by following the culture, but by following God.
Romans 12:1-2 “I beseech you therefore, brethren, by the mercy of God, that you
present your bodies a living sacrifice, holy, acceptable to God, which is your
reasonable service. And be not conformed to this world: but you transformed by
the renewing of your mind, that you may prove what is that good, and
acceptable, and perfect will of God.”
Our lives should be a living sacrifice in service to God and our fellow man. Jesus said, “For he that is greatest among you, must be servant of all,” Matthew 23:11. “If any man will come after Me, let him deny himself, and take up his cross daily, and follow Me. For whosoever will save his life shall lose it: but whosoever will lose his life for My sake, the same shall save it,” Luke 9:23-24.
As Jesus sacrificed Himself for us to be the propitiation for our sins, so we should do likewise and lay down our lives in humble service to our Lord and King, and to those around us. May our lives be a living sacrifice unto God our Father. Amen.
Here are two comments on Psalm
51 from famous people:
“Thus was David led from the
knowledge of this one sin to the knowledge of his whole sinful nature. As if he
would say—‘That such a one as I, endowed with so much grace, should have fallen
at once as from heaven to hell, is to me, and all others, a palpable sign that
there is no good thing in the flesh.’” Martin Luther
“This sin did not David when
he was suffering from Saul’s persecutions. Beware of prosperity, more perilous
to the soul than adversity to the body….He was nearer to God then, in his
tribulations, when to men he seemed most miserable.” Augustine
Both found in A Commentary on the Book of Psalms by William de Burgh, 1801-1866.
Originally published March 14, 2025. Republished February 21, 2026.
Psalm 51 - A Prayer for Cleansing - Part 1
Psalm 51 A Psalm of
David with Comments by Dennis Edwards
51:1-3 Have mercy upon me, O God, according to Your lovingkindness:
according unto the multitude of Your tender mercies blot out my transgressions.
Wash me thoroughly from my iniquity, and cleanse me from my sin. For I
acknowledge my transgressions: and my sin is ever before me.
The first
prerequisite for forgiveness is to honestly confess our sins, to acknowledge
our transgressions. Both the Old and the New Testament teach the
importance of confession.
1 John 1:8-10 “If we say that we have no sin, we deceive ourselves, and the
truth is not in us. If we confess our sins, He is faithful to forgive us our
sins, and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness. If we say that we have not
sinned, we make Him a liar, and His word is not in us.”
James 5:16 “Confess your faults one to another, and pray one for another,
that you may be healed. The effectual fervent prayer of a righteous man avails
much.”
2
Chronicles 7:14 “If My people, who are
called by My name, shall humble themselves, and pray, and seek My face, and
turn from their wicked ways; then will I hear from heaven, and will forgive
their sin, and will heal their land.”
Proverbs
28:13 “He that covers his sin
shall not prosper: but whoso confesses and forsakes them shall have mercy.”
Isaiah
55:6-7 “Seek the Lord while He may
be found, call upon Him while He is near: let the wicked forsake his ways, and
the unrighteous man his thoughts: and let him return unto the Lord, and He will
have mercy upon him; and to our God, for He will abundantly pardon.”
When we do
confess and repent or change, God casts our sins into the depths of the sea and
remembers them no longer against us.
Micah
7:18-19 “Who is a God like unto You,
that pardons iniquity, and passes by the transgression of the remnant of His
heritage? He retains not His anger forever, because He delights in mercy. He
will turn again; He will subdue our iniquities; and You will cast all their
sins into the depths of the sea.”
We find a
similar idea elsewhere.
Psalm
103:13 “As far as the east is from
the west, so far has He removed our transgressions from us.”
Isaiah
38:17bc “But You have in love to my
soul delivered it from the pit of corruption: for You have cast all my sins
behind Your back.”
Because of
the finished work of Jesus, we have an advocate before the Father and we shall not
fall into condemnation.
1 John2:1b-2a “And if any man sin, we have an advocate with the Father, Jesus
Christ the righteous. And He is the propitiation for our sins.”
It is Jesus
the Messiah who has died for the sins of the world. He lives to make
intercession for us. He is our legal advocate before the throne of God on our
behalf, that we fall not into condemnation of the Devil. His death on the cross
is “the propitiation for our sins,” or what satisfies the legal punishment we
are due because of them. Christ bore our iniquities on the cross, by the which
He has justified those that come unto God by Him.
Hebrews
7:25 “Wherefore He is able also
to save them to the uttermost that come unto God by Him, seeing He ever lives
to make intercession for them.”
Hebrews
8:12 “For I will be merciful to
their unrighteousness, and their sins and their iniquities will I remember no
more.”
Psalm 51:4 Against You, You only, have I sinned, and done this evil in Your
sight: that You might be justified when You speak, and be clear when You judge.
Ultimately,
when we sin, we are sinning against God. It may affect other people, but the
greatest cause is our rebellion against God and His precepts. The first and
greatest commandment is not to love our neighbour as ourselves. The first and
greatest commandment is to love the Lord your God with your whole heart, and
with your whole soul, and with your whole mind, Matthew 22:37. Loving
your neighbour stems or grows out of your love for God.
Psalm 51:5 Behold, I was shapen in iniquity; and in sin did my mother
conceive me.
The
psalmist may be hinting at the fact that when man and wife produce a child, it
is a result of fulfilling their sexual desires. The fact that David is writing
the psalm, and his sin was a result of yielding to his carnal sexual desires,
may have affected how he looked on sexual relations. His sex drive had led him
into the sin of adultery. His pride and self-righteousness had led him to try
to hide his sin, and as a result, he committed murder.
Psalm 51:6 Behold, You desire truth in the inward parts: and in the hidden
part You shall make me to know wisdom.
God is
involved in winning our hearts to Him. He wants us to follow love and truth.
Truth is important part of the character of God. Jesus, in fact, said, “I am
the way, the truth, and the life: no man comes to the Father, but by me,” John
14:6. “For the Law was given by Moses, but grace and truth came by Jesus
Christ,” John 1:17.
The Proverbs
tell us, “By mercy and truth iniquity is purged: and by the fear of the Lord
men depart from evil,” Proverbs 16:6. Jesus is the grace or mercy and
truth of God. By His mercy and His truth, He cleanses us. He is the word which
washes us new. “Now are you clean by the word which I have spoken unto you,” John
15:3. “Sanctify them through Your truth: Your word is truth, John 17:17.
Psalm 51:7 Purge me with hyssop, and I shall be clean: wash me, and I shall
be whiter than snow.
Hyssop was used to apply the
blood of the lamb to the door of the posts on the evening of the first Passover,
Exodus 12:22. Hyssop was also used in the sacrificial cleansing ceremony
of the leper found healed of his leprosy, Leviticus 14:6.
David realizes that his sin
is like leprosy, and his heart needs a deep cleaning, a deep purging. How can
we approach unto God when our hands are full of innocent blood? In Isaiah
we read,
“When you spread forth your
hands, I will hide my eyes from you: Yes, when you make many prayers, I will
not hear: your hands are full of blood,” Isaiah 1:15.
David’s hands were full of
the blood of Uriah, Bathsheba’s husband. We today in the West are full of the
blood of the poor innocents killed in abortions in our own countries and in the
poor third world countries where we have exported our aberration.
We are full of the blood of
the innocents killed in the wars we have fought for Israel’s security in the
Middle East. We are full of the blood of the poor innocents killed in Ukraine
as a result of our military and political policies that encroached upon
Russia’s security. We are full of the blood of the poor innocents killed in
Eastern Asia during the Vietnam War period.
The Lord continues,
“Wash you, make you clean;
put away the evil of your doings from before My eyes; cease to do evil; learn
to do well; seek judgment, relieve the oppressed, judge the fatherless, plead
for the widow,” Isaiah 1:16-17.
Finally, God says,
“Come now, and let us reason
together, says the Lord: though your sins be as scarlet, they shall be as white
as snow; though they be red like crimson, they shall be as wool,” Isaiah
1:18.
No matter how far we have
strayed from the straight and narrow path that leads to salvation, God has made
a way of escape from judgment, if we repent and move from our wicked ways, and
humble ourselves before Him. Our accepting Jesus as the Saviour is the door God
has made for our salvation to eternal life.
The election of Trump may be
a sign of America’s repentance of her many sins. Trump’s election could
possibly cause a delay in God’s judgments on America.
Though the country of Israel temporarily
repented of the sins of Manasseh, who had filled Jerusalem with innocent blood,
God would not altogether pardon them nor turn from the fierceness of His great
wrath. The nation repented under Josiah, Manasseh’s son, however, on Josiah’s
death, they turned back to their evil ways. God said that the provocations
under Manasseh’s reign were so great, that they merited His judgment.
2 Kings 23:26 “Notwithstanding the Lord turned not from the fierceness of His
great wrath, wherewith His anger was kindled against Judah, because of all the
provocations that Manasseh had provoked Him withal.”
2 Kings 24:3-4 “Surely at the commandment of the Lord came this (the destruction
of Judah and Jerusalem) upon Judah, to remove them out of His sight, for the
sins of Manasseh, according to all that he did. And also, for the innocent
blood that he had shed: for he filled Jerusalem with innocent blood; which the
Lord would not pardon.”
We will look at Manasseh and Josiah’s
reigns in a future class and see what we can learn from them.
End of Part 1 (To go to Part 2)
Originally published March 13, 2025. Republished February 21, 2026.
